The drawback of Newton's formula for velocity of sound are:
1. The velocity of sound calculated from Newton's formula is279.9 m/s at N.T.P. Experimentally, they found that the velocity of sound in air at N. T. P is 332 m/s. Thus, there is a considerable difference between the value predicted by Newton’s formula and the experimental value.

2. Experimental value is 16% greater than the value given by the formula. Newton failed to satisfactorily explain the difference.

Laplace Correction:

Newton...

Time taken (t) = 3 sec
Velocity of sound (v) = 332 m/s
Distance travelled (d) = ?

We know,

d = v x t = 332 x 3 = 996 m

Hence, the source of thunder is about 996 m far from the boy.

The lower the density, the faster sound travels in a medium. The density of water vapour is less than that of air. So the density of air mixed with water vapour is less than that of dry air. Hence the speed of sound in moist air is greater than that in dry air(v1/ρ) . However, the density of water vapour is more than that of hydrogen, so the density of moist hydrogen is more than that of dry hydrogen. Consequently, the speed of sound in moist hydrogen is less than that in dry hydrogen.

The lower the density, the faster sound travels in a medium. The density of water vapour is less than that of air. So the density of air mixed with water vapour is less than that of dry air. Hence the speed of sound in moist air is greater than that in dry air(v1/ρ) . However, the density of water vapour is more than that of hydrogen, so the density of moist hydrogen is more than that of dry hydrogen. Consequently, the speed of sound in moist hydrogen is less than that in dry hydrogen.