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22 Biology -- Theories of Evolution

What were the causes of Extinction of Dinosaurs?

What were the causes of Extinction of Dinosaurs?

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The major causes of extinction of dinosaurs are listed below:

  1. Climate change was the main contributor. The climate was becoming cooler and drier as the North American Rockies were developing. 
  2. They couldn't adapt to the shifting environments because they were massive and enormous.
  3. During Mesozoic period, food was not enough. The large reptiles required plenty of food.
  4. Their huge body couldn't provide protection from the enemies.
  5.  The larger the animal the fewer the young ones and growths. so they become unable to breed profusely.

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Why is Lamarckism called the Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characters? Explain briefly.

Jean Baptiste Lamarck, a French biologist, first discovered and mentioned a theory of organic evolution in 1809, in his book called 'Philosophie Zoologique'. When he turned his attention to zoology( particularly invertebrates) from botany, he realized that the species were not constant but rather were derived from pre-existing species. He proposed that species change over time through a process of transmutation, and he included concepts such as law of use and disuse, effect of environment,...

Why is Lamarckism criticized? Mentions the criticisms/objections of the theory.

While Lamarck’s ideas were influential in their time, they were largely superseded by Darwin’s theory of natural selection, which provided a more comprehensive and evidence-based explanation of evolution. (Cancel culture in Sciencywood).

This theory could not last longer (sank like the titan submersible), because of the following few(?) reasons:

  • Lack of Mechanism for Inheritance: Lamarck proposed that traits acquired during an organism's lifetime would be passed to its offspring, but he did...

Explain about Neo-Lamarckism and its postulates.

Neo-Lamarckism, also known as New Lamarckism, is a group of theories that developed from Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's original theories in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These theories sought to preserve some aspects of Lamarckian inheritance while also incorporating new scientific knowledge, such as genetic discoveries. It's crucial to remember that Neo-Lamarckism is a minority view in mainstream biology and is not widely accepted.

(Long story short, it is the glow up of Lamarckism.)


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Mention the criticisms of Darwinism( Theory of Natural Selection).

One of the pillars of contemporary evolutionary biology is Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. Despite being widely acknowledged and backed by a wealth of evidence, there have been challenges and criticisms voiced over time. The main challenges to the theory of natural selection include the following:

  • Although it is believed that natural selection is the primary factor in the evolution of new species, it is now understood that mutation also plays a role in the evolution of new...

What factors is the Theory of Natural Selection based on? List them briefly.

The theory of natural selection is based on the following factors:

  1. Over Population ( Over production) of off-springs:Living organisms are extremely fertile thus have the potential of rapid increase. The enormous capacity for reproduction, or fertility, is responsible for this quick rise. Therefore, all living things have the ability to reproduce, which contributes to an overpopulation of offspring.

    Examples of Overpopulation:

    • Salmon: A salmon produces 28 billion eggs in a season.

    • A single...

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