BIKESH SUNAR

Data integrity is the accuracy, completeness, and quality of data as it's maintained aver time and across formats. preserving the integrity of your company data is a constant process.

The importance of data integrity in protecting yourself from the data loss or a data leak cannot to be overstated: in order to keep your data safe from outside forces with malicious intent, you must first ensure that internal users are handling data correctly. By implementing the appropriate data validation and...

Hierarchical Database Model in which data is stored in the form of records and organized into a tree-like structure, or parent-child structure, in which in parent node can have many child nodes connected through links.

Advantage of Hierarchical Database Model are:

1. conceptual Simplicity

2. Database Security

3. Data Independence

4. Data integrity

Disadvantage of Hierarchical Database Model are:

1.Complex implementation

2. Difficult to manage

3. Lacks structural independence

4. Lacks of standard

5....

Data normalization is a process to present a database in a normal form to avoid undesirable things such as repetition of infomation, inability to represent infomation, loss of infomation, etc.

The advantage of normalization are:

• It reduces data redundancy .
• It improves faster sorting and index creation.
• It createsa few indexes and nulls.
• It ignores the repetitionof information.
• It improves the performance of a system.
• It avoid and the loss of information. ...

Microsoft Access is database management system from Microsoft that combines the relational Access Engines with a graphical user interface and software development tools

The uses of MS Access are:

1.Personal application

2.Small business

3.School

4.The workplaces

5.Programming Development

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Any two database model with diagram are :

1. Hierarchical Database Model

In a hierarchical database model, records are logically organized into a hierarchy of relationship. A hierarchically structured database is arranged logically in an inverted tree pattern. All record in the hierarchy are called nods. Each nodes is related to the other in a parent-child relationship. Each parent may have one or more child records, each can have one parent.

2 Network database model

Network database model...

A data definition language (DDL) is a computer language used to create and modify the structure of database objects in a database. for example create table, alter table are instructions in SQL.

DML iS data manipulation language which is used to manipulate data itself. For example : insert, update, delete are instructions in SQL.