Prabesh Shrestha

Database Management Systems (DBMS) are software systems used to store, retrieve, and run queries on data. A DBMS serves as an interface between an end-user and a database, allowing users to create, read, update, and delete data in the database.

Advantages:

1. Sharing:

DBMS helps create a data environment where many users can come and

use properly managed data.

2. Security:

A database admin can allow read and write access to any users with the database which improves the security and avoids data...

The advantages of using a database rather than several separate files are:

Data redundancy: A database can store different types of data in different tables which can be related to one another, but these data will be stored multiple times if we plan to store these in different files. A database solves this by normalizing the data.

Easy access: A user can complex query data from a database. Separate files cannot be queried and would need a different program to do it.

Major responsibilities of a...

it is a data object used for documenting complex software system designs in a systematic diagram which makes them easy to understand.

Data modelling techniques:

Hierarchical Technique:

it is a treelike structure, which has a root node, and the other nodes originate from the initial root node, which is sorted in a particular order. this type of model is rarely used nowadays.

Object-oriented Model:

This approach creates objects with related data and allows advanced techniques like data abstraction,...