22 Biology -- Pteridophyta

Describe morphology of fern.

1 Answers

Root: Thin, slender, present below stem, adventitious roots that bear root cap and root hair

Stem: May be dichotomously branched, obliquely placed, perennial, prostrate. Stem is modified into rhizome and is covered by brown hairs called ramenta.

Leaves: Petiolate, pinnately compound- called frond. Compound leaf bear many leaflet called pinnae. Pinnae develops on main stalk called rachis. Each pinnae is again divided into smaller segments called pinnules.

2 types of leaves in dryopteris

1. Sporophylle- Fertile leaf- Having sori

2. Tropophylle- Sterile leaf- No sori

Mature leaf has kidney shaped structure called sori on the lower surface of pinnules.

Q. A plant which has vascular tissue but lacks seed is placed in A.ThallophyteB.BryophyteC.PteridophyteD.Gymnosperm

Pteridophytes

Why are ferns called ‘Vascular Cryptogams’?

Ferns are the plants having vascular tissue. They reproduce by spores and don’t produce flowers and seed. Hence, they are called vascular cryptogams.

Define Alternation of Generation and describe the alternation of generations in the life cycle of D̶r̶y̶o̶p̶t̶e̶r̶i̶s̶ or fern.

Describe about asexual reproduction in Dryopteris with diagram.

Difference between Bryophyta and Pteridophyta.

Describe structure of mature Prothallus in Dryopteris .

Describe alternation of generation in fern.

Write about fragmentation and Apogamy as vegetative reproduction in fern.

What are economic importance of Pteridophytes?

1. What are meiospores?2. Define prothallus.

Meiospores are haploid spores formed by sporic meiosis in the sporangium within spore bearing sporophyll.

Prothallus is referred to the gametophytic structure of the plant, that contain the gametes of the plant and is independent.

ask mattrab