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Define control structure. Explain different types of control structure.

Define control structure. Explain different types of control structure.

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Control Structures are just a way to specify flow of control in programs. Any algorithm or program can be more clear and understood if they use self-contained modules called as logic or control structures. It basically analyzes and chooses in which direction a program flows based on certain parameters or conditions.


  1. Sequential Logic (Sequential Flow)

    Sequential logic as the name suggests follows a serial or sequential flow in which the flow depends on the series of instructions given to the computer. Unless new instructions are given, the modules are executed in the obvious sequence. The sequences may be given, by means of numbered steps explicitly. Also, implicitly follows the order in which modules are written. Most of the processing, even some complex problems, will generally follow this elementary flow pattern.

    Sequential Control flow

  2. Selection Logic (Conditional Flow)

    Selection Logic simply involves a number of conditions or parameters which decides one out of several written modules. The structures which use these type of logic are known as Conditional Structures. These structures can be of three types:

    In this way, the flow of the program depends on the set of conditions that are written. This can be more understood by the following flow charts:

    Double Alternative Control Flow

  3. Iteration Logic (Repetitive Flow)
    The Iteration logic employs a loop which involves a repeat statement followed by a module known as the body of a loop.
    The two types of these structures are:
    • Repeat-For Structure
      This structure has the form:Repeat for i = A to N by I: [Module] [End of loop]

      Here, A is the initial value, N is the end value and I is the increment. The loop ends when A>B. K increases or decreases according to the positive and negative value of I respectively.

      Repeat-For Flow

      Implementation:

    • Repeat-While Structure
      It also uses a condition to control the loop. This structure has the form:Repeat while condition: [Module] [End of Loop]

      Repeat While Flow

      Implementation:

    In this, there requires a statement that initializes the condition controlling the loop, and there must also be a statement inside the module that will change this condition leading to the end of the loop.

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#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int a=0;

int b=1;

printf("%d %d ",a,b);

for(int i=0;i<10;i++)

{

int c=a+b;

a=b;

b=c;

printf("%d ",c);

}

}




Output:

0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89

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#include<stdio.h>

void check(int);

int main()

{

int n;

printf("enter the number ");

scanf("%d",&n);

check(n);

}

void check(int n)

{

if(n%2==0)

{

printf("%d is even number",n);

}

else{

printf("%d is not even number",n);

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}


Output:

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Note cs50 library is used here.

#include<stdio.h>#include<cs50.h>
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OUTPUT:

enter the number which u want to get multiplication table 3

Multiplication table is

3 * 1 = 3

3 * 2 = 6

3 * 3 = 9

3 * 4 = 12

3 * 5 = 15

3 * 6 = 18

3 * 7 = 21

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3 * 9 = 27

3 * 10 = 30


#include<stdio.h>

void multiply(int);

int main()

{

int n;

printf("enter the number which u want to get multiplication table ");

scanf("%d",&n);

multiply(n);

}

void multiply(int n)

{

int results;

printf("Multiplication table is\n");

for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)

{

results=n*i;

printf("%d * %d = %d\...

Write a C program to find greatest number among three numbers.

OUPUT:

enter three number 3 4 5

5 is greater than 3 and 4



#include<stdio.h>

void check(int,int,int);

int main()

{

int a,b,c;

printf("enter three number ");

scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);

check(a,b,c);

}

void check(int a,int b,int c)

{

if(a>b&&a>c)

{

printf("%d is greater than %d and %d",a,b,c);

}else if(b>c&&b>a)

{

printf("%d is greater than %d and %d",b,c,a);

}

else

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...

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OUPUT:

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PROGRAMS:

#include<stdio.h>

int sum(int);

int main()

{

int n;

printf("enter the number ");

scanf("%d",&n);

int c=sum(n);

printf("The sum of n natural numbers is %d ",c);

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int sum(int n)

{

int d=n*(n+1)/2;

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OUPUT:

enter the number 21334

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PROGRAMS:

#include<stdio.h>

int sum(int);

int main()

{

int n;

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scanf("%d",&n);

int c=sum(n);

printf("The reverse of number is %d ",c);

}

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{

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OUPUT:

Enter any number 6

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PROGRAMS:

#include<stdio.h>

int fact (int);

int main()

{

int n,f;

printf("Enter any number ");

scanf("%d",&n);

f = fact(n);

printf("factorial is %d",f);

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}

int fact (int n)

{

if (n<=1)

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else

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#include <stdio.h>


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int a[10], i, j, temp;

printf("Enter 10 numbers:\n");

for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

scanf("%d", &a[i]);

}

for (i = 0; i < 9; i++) {

for (j = i+1; j < 10; j++) {

if (a[i] > a[j]) {

temp = a[i];

arr[i] = a[j];

a[j] = temp;

}

}

}

printf("Numbers in ascending order:\n");

for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

printf("%d ", a[i]);

}

return 0;

}


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#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int a[3][3], b[3][3], c[3][3];

int i, j, k, choice;


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for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);

}

}


printf("Enter the elements of second matrix:\n");

for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {

scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);

}

}


printf("Enter your choice:\n");

printf("1. Addition\n");

printf("2. Multiplication\n");

...

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#include <stdio.h>


struct student {

char name[50];

int rollno;

float percentage;

};


int main() {

struct student s[10];

int i;

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printf("\nStudent %d:\n", i+1);

printf("Name: ");

scanf("%s", s[i].name);

printf("Roll Number: ");

scanf("%d", &s[i].rollno);

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scanf("%f", &s[i].percentage);

}

// Open the file for writing

FILE *fp;

fp = fopen("students.dat",...

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OUPUT:

Enter any number 6

factorial is 720


PROGRAMS:

#include<stdio.h>

int fact (int);

int main()

{

int n,f;

printf("Enter any number ");

scanf("%d",&n);

f = fact(n);

printf("factorial is %d",f);

return 0;

}

int fact (int n)

{

if (n<=1)

return 1;

else

...

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OUPUT:

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PROGRAMS:

#include<stdio.h>

int sum(int*,int*);

int main()

{

int a,b;

printf("enter two number ");

scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);

int...

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Define function in C. Explain its type with program example.

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OUPUT:

Enter the number of records u wanted to get 3

Enter the name, age and salary

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Enter the name, age and salary

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Enter the name, age and salary

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Name is Bhagat

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Salary is 2872302

Name is Vision

...

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Write a C program to store name, age and address  of few student in data file "record.dat" and also display it in appropriate format.

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