34 Social -- Natural Disasters: Earthquake and Tsunami

Describe the causes of earthquake.

1 Answers

Earthquake is caused because of various different internal and external disorder in the surface of the earth. It is also caused when the tectonic plates collide each other during its movement. A small earthquake is caused due to the nuclear explosion. Volcanic eruption also plays an role to occurrence of the earthquake. It is also caused as the effect of other disaster like derbies flow, tsunami, etc.

Define earthquake.

Earthquake is the sudden shaking of ground due tothe breaking and movement of large sections (tectonicrocks) in the crust of the earth.

Define Tsunami.

A tsunami is a largeocean ware that is caused bysudden motion on the ocean floor.

What does the word 'Tsunami' mean in Japanese?

The word 'Tsunami' in Japanese mean 'harbor wave'that refers to a seriesof largeocean waves that hitsthe shoreline.

What is Richer scale?

Richer scale is the scale that measures themagnitudeor intensity of energy released by anearthquake.

Define hypocenter.

Hypocenter is the place of origin of an earthquakewhich is always hidden inside the earth at the depthof 20 km to 700 km.

Define epicenter.

Epicenter is the place on the ground surface thatis perpendicular to the hypocenter which records thefirst quake.

Define seismic waves.

Seismic waves are the wavesgenerated by anearthquake.

Define seismograph.

Seismograph is theinstrument that records the seismic waves of earthquake.

Define seismology.

Seismology is the branch of science that dealswith the seismicwaves.

Enlist the effects of Tsunami.

The effects of Tsunami are:
-Huge less of propertiessuch as destruction houses,bridges, dams, buildings and other constructions.
-Brings destruction inwayof life, arisesfinancialand economiccrises, etc.
-Increase the risk for rising and sinking the earth'ssurface.
-It also cause the other calamities as its effect.
- It compel us to face the huge loss of life andproperty.

List out three seismic belts.

Any three seismic belts are:
- Circum-Pacific Belt.
- Mid-continental Belt.
-Mid-Atlantic Ridge Belt.

Describe the various safety measures to be adopted during an earthquake.

The safety measures to be adopted during anearthquake are:
-We shouldn't panic and run about here and there.
-Stay away from windows and big furniture.
- Turn off the electricswitches and gas.
- If possible, we should heat to safe andopen places.
-We should sit under the tables or bed.

Differentiate between:a. Hypocenter and Epicenter.b. Earthquake and Volcano.

a. Hypocenter and Epicenter.

Hypocenter	Epicenter
It is the place of an origin of an earthquake.	It is the place which records the first quake of earthquake.
It lies 20 km to 700 km below earth surface.	It lies right at the surface of the earth.

b. Earthquake and Volcano.

Earthquake	Volcano
It is the sudden shaking of ground caused due to the tectonic movement and collision.	It is the eruption of hot lava from the inner core of earth to the crust with high force.
It is the...

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