34 Social -- Natural Disasters: Earthquake and Tsunami

Define earthquake.

1 Answers

Earthquake is the sudden shaking of ground due to the breaking and movement of large sections (tectonic rocks) in the crust of the earth.

Define Tsunami.

A tsunami is a large ocean ware that is caused by sudden motion on the ocean floor.

What does the word 'Tsunami' mean in Japanese?

The word 'Tsunami' in Japanese mean 'harbor wave' that refers to a series of large ocean waves that hits the shoreline.

What is Richer scale?

Richer scale is the scale that measures the magnitude or intensity of energy released by an earthquake.

Define hypocenter.

Hypocenter is the place of origin of an earthquake which is always hidden inside the earth at the depth of 20 km to 700 km.

Define epicenter.

Epicenter is the place on the ground surface that is perpendicular to the hypocenter which records the first quake.

Define seismic waves.

Seismic waves are the waves generated by an earthquake.

Define seismograph.

Seismograph is the instrument that records the seismic waves of earthquake.

Define seismology.

Seismology is the branch of science that deals with the seismic waves.

Describe the causes of earthquake.

Earthquake is caused because of various different internal and external disorder in the surface of the earth. It is also caused when the tectonic plates collide each other during its movement. A small earthquake is caused due to the nuclear explosion. Volcanic eruption also plays an role to occurrence of the earthquake. It is also caused as the effect of other disaster like derbies flow, tsunami, etc.

Enlist the effects of Tsunami.

The effects of Tsunami are:
- Huge less of properties such as destruction houses, bridges, dams, buildings and other constructions.
- Brings destruction in way of life, arises financial and economic crises, etc.
- Increase the risk for rising and sinking the earth's surface.
- It also cause the other calamities as its...

List out three seismic belts.

Any three seismic belts are:
- Circum-Pacific Belt.
- Mid-continental Belt.
- Mid-Atlantic Ridge Belt.

Describe the various safety measures to be adopted during an earthquake.

The safety measures to be adopted during an earthquake are:
- We shouldn't panic and run about here and there.
- Stay away from windows and big furniture.
- Turn off the electric switches and gas.
- If possible, we should heat to safe and open places.
- We should sit under the tables or bed....

Differentiate between:a. Hypocenter and Epicenter.b. Earthquake and Volcano.

a. Hypocenter and Epicenter.

Hypocenter	Epicenter
It is the place of an origin of an earthquake.	It is the place which records the first quake of earthquake.
It lies 20 km to 700 km below earth surface.	It lies right at the surface of the earth.

b. Earthquake and Volcano.

Earthquake	Volcano
It is the sudden shaking of ground caused due to the tectonic movement and collision.	It is the eruption of hot lava from the inner core of earth to the crust with high force.
It is the...