Prabin Kalikote

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Differentiate between:a.    Genotype and Phenotype.b.    Dominant characteristics and Recessive characteristics.c.    F1 generations and ...

a. Genotype and Phenotype.

Genotype	Phenotype
The internal genetic makeup or appearance of an organism is called genotype.	The external appearance of an organism for a contrasting characteristic is called phenotype.
Parental characteristics can be found in genotype.	Parental characteristics cannot be found 100% in phenotype.
It is expressed in letters.	It is expressed in words.

b. Dominant characteristics and Recessive characteristics.

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What did Mendel selected pea plant for his study? Give your reasons.

Mendel selected pea plant for his study because of following reasons:
- Pea plant can be cultivated easily and have a short life cycle.
- Breeding controlled easily.
- Pea plant produce large number of off springs after fertilization.
- The flower of pea plants are adequate in size and easy to handle.
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What are hybrid? How are hybrid produced?

The organism produced after cross fertilization between two genetically different organisms is called hybrids.
Hybrids are produced by crossing between organisms having two contrasting characteristics. This process is called hybridization.

Define heterozygous.

When two alleles of a particular gene are not identical, it is called heterozygous.

Define homozygous.

When the both alleles of a particular gene are identical, it is called homozygous.

Define allelomorph.

Allelomorph is one of a gene or pair of matching genes. It contains a pair of identical alleles.

What are genes? Write short note on gene concept?

The tiny units of heredity located in the chromosomes is called genes.
The concept of 'gene' was introduced by sulten and the term 'gene' was introduced by Johannsom. It is located in chrosomes and arranged in linear fashion. It determine the physical, anatomical and physiological characteristics of organism. These characteristics are transmitted from one generation to other.