X-Ray Diffraction

X-Ray DiffractionThe diffraction effects can be observed only if the spacing between the lines ruled on the grating is of the order of magnitude of the wavelength of light used. The grating element...

Reflection, Rarefaction, Diffraction and Interference of Sound Waves

Thermopile

Thermopile: -Thermopile is a device used to measure high temperature of furnaces. It works on the principle that if a large number of thermocouples are connected in series, the thermoemf gets multi...

Thermoelectric Series

Thermoelectric series (Seeback series): -Seeback arranged various metals one after another in a series called as thermoelectric series or Seeback series according as the following:Sb, Fe, Zn, Ag, A...

Peltier's effect and Thomson's effect

Peltier’s effect: -The phenomenon of absorption of heat at one junction and the emission of heat at other junction of a thermocouple when the current is passed through it is called Peltier’s effect...

Verification of thermoemf with temperature of hot junction

Let us suppose two junctions of a thermocouple are kept in a melting ice (0o C) so they become a junction and θc = 0o C, where θc is temperature of cold junction. Now, one junction is heated so it ...

Bragg's Law

Bragg's LawSir William Bragg and his son Sir Lawrence Bragg studied the diffraction of X-rays in detail and devised a method for determining the wavelength of X-rays. Lawrence Bragg considered that...

Wave Properties

Wave PropertiesAll waves are reflected, refracted, diffracted and show the phenomenon of interference like light waves.Reflection of Sound: Like light waves, sound waves are reflected from a plane ...