2 Chemistry -- Chemistry in the Service of Mankind

Show your acquittance with natural drugs and drug addiction.

1 Answers

Natural Drugs: The drugs, which are extracted from the plants, animals and their products are the natural drugs. Ayurvedic drugs are the natural drugs often utilize natural substances such as herbs, minerals, and animal products in their formulations. These natural drugs have been used for centuries in various cultures for their medicinal properties.

Drug addiction: Drug addiction is the negative condition when a person consumes drugs in an appropriate way. It occurs when a person continues to use drugs like morphine, cocaine, or other substances despite negative consequences on their physical and mental health, relationships, and overall well-being. Drug addiction is one of the serious global problems. Teenagers of the developed and underdeveloped country and unemployed persons are found to be the prime victim of the addiction. Drug addiction is the misuse of chemotherapy.

What is the difference between a dye and a pigment?

Dyes and pigments are the main forms of colourant i.e.to provide colour to materials, whether they are textiles or paints.

While dyes are soluble in mediums like water, pigments a must be converted to a coarser powder after which it is mixed with a dispersing agent before application. Dyes do not scatter light and look transparent.Another difference is thatpigment particles are much larger in composition size.

What is meant by 'antipyretic and analgesic" drugs?

Antipyretic is a type of pharmacodynamic drug that can be consumed to lower the human body temperature. Example: paracetamol.

Analgesic is a type of pharmacodynamic drug that can be consumed to relieve pain without loss of consciousness. Example: aspirin.

What do you mean by elastomers and fibers?

Differentiate between homo-polymer and co-polymer giving an example of each.

PVC and nylon-6,6 are two common polymers widely used in daily life.i) State the process of polymerization by which nylon-6,6 is formed.ii) Write down the chemical reaction to form PVC.

What is an azo dye? Give two examples of azo dyes with their formation.

An azo dye is a type of synthetic dye that contains one or more azo (-N=N-) groups as a chromophore. Azo dyes are widely used in various industries, including textile, leather, food, and pharmaceuticals, due to their vibrant and diverse color range.

They are typically synthesized through a reaction known as diazotization followed by coupling.

There are various types of azo dyes. The two dyes we are familiar are as follows with their names and formation:

i) p-hydroxy azobenzene(orange)
ii)...

What are insecticides? Write any two examples. Which insecticide is popularly known as 'lindane'?

Define:a. Pesticides:b. Insecticides:c. Fungicides:d. Herbicides:

a. Pesticides: The chemicals which are used to control or kill the pests are called pesticides. For example, DDT, BHC, alddrin, etc.

b. Insecticides: The chemicals which are used to kill the insects are called insecticides. Some insecticides are DDT ( Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane)

c. Fungicides: The chemicals which are used to control moulds & fungi are called fungicides. Some fungicides are CuSO₄solution, Aluminum phosphate (AIP).

d. Herbicides: The chemicals which are used to control...

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