a. Live wire and neutral wire.
Live wire | Neutral wire |
It carries current to the device from the source. | It carries current from the device to the source. |
It is red or brown in color. | It is black or blue in color. |
b. AC and DC.
AC | DC |
The current that changes magnitude and polarity is called AC. | The current that doesn't change magnitude and polarity is called DC.
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It is produced by an AC generator. | It is produced by cells, batteries, etc. |
It has a non-zero frequency. | It has a zero frequency. |
c. Filament and flueoresent lamp.
Filament | Fluorescent |
It is filled with inert gas. | It is filled with mercury vapor. |
Its average lifespan is about 1000 hours. | Its average lifespan is about 3000 hours. |
It is cheaper. | It is expansive. |
It converts 10% to light and 90% to heat energy. | It converts 30% to light and 70% to heat energy.
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d. Dynamo and electric motor.
Dynamo | Electric motor |
It converts mechanical energy to electrical. | It converts electrical energy to mechanical. |
It works on the principle of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. | It works on the principle of motor effects. |
The direction of current can be found by using fleming's right-hand rule. | The direction of current can be found by using fleming's left-hand rule.
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e. Step up and step down transformer.
Step up | Step down |
It converts low AC voltage to high AC voltage. | It converts high AC voltage to low AC voltage.
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The number of turns is more in the secondary coil than in the primary. | The number of turns is more in the primary coil than in the secondary.
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It is used on the power transmission line to increase voltage. | It is used in household devices to run at least 220V. |
f. Tungsten and nichrome.
Tungsten | Nichrome |
It has very high resistance. | It has comparatively low resistance. |
It doesn't oxidize at high temperatures. | It oxidizes in high temperatures. |
It is the wire of nickel, etc. | It is the wire of copper, etc. |
g. Electricity obtained from generator and battery.
From generator | From battery |
It generates AC electricity. | It generates DC electricity. |
Mechanical energy is converted into electrical. | Chemical energy is converted into electrical. |
Electricity produced by it changes its polarity. | Electricity produced by it doesn't change its polarity. |