Sense strands: It is a coding strand which carries translatable code directed in the 5' to 3' direction and contains codons.

Anti sense strand: It is complementary strand to the sense strand which is non coding strand and contains anti-codon.

Friedrich Mascher(Fritz)

Ester bond (between phosphate and 5′OH of deoxyribose sugar.)

Glyosidic bond (between deoxyribose sugar at its 1st Carbon and the adjacent nitrogenous base.)

Double (betweenadenosine and thymine) or triple hydrogenbond(between guanine and cytosine )

Diester bond (between 5′phosphate of one nucleotide to 3′carbon of deoxyribose sugar of next nucleotide.)

Because it ensures hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases lying opposite to each other.

Enzymes for DNA replication with roles :

Endonuclease: nicking

Helicase : breaking hydrogen bond

Phosphorylase : activation of phosphate group

Topoisomerase: release pressure during fork formation

Ligase : joining fragments

RNAse : help in okazaki fragment formation

Restriction endonuclease: checking

Process of semi-conservative mode of replication of DNA:

The mechanism of DNA replication is a complex and involves many steps. The steps are:

1) Initiation of DNA replication

2) Activation of deoxyribonucleotides

3) Exposure of DNA strands or nitrogen bases and formation of Y-shaped fork

4)Formation of RNA primer

5) Base pairing

6) Formation of new DNA strands

7)Proof-reading and DNA repair

8)Termination of DNA helix formation.

1)Initiation of DNA replication-

The point in the DNA from where...