Introduction to Semiconductors

Thomson's Atomic Model

Thomson's Model of AtomJ.J Thomson clearly identified electron as elementary particle in 1897. Electron is the basic component of all matter. It has a negative charge of 1.602 * 10-19 C and a mass ...

Postulates of Bohr Atom Model

Bohr proposed a model of the hydrogen atom in 1911. He proposed two postulates: 1st postulates: An electron cannot revolve around the nucleus in all possible orbits as suggested by the classical th...

Helium-Neon Laser

Types of LaserHe - Neon LaserHe - Ne laser is the gas laser which consists of highly evacuated discharge tube. The tube is filled with He and Ne in the ratio of 5:1 with a pressure of 1mm of Hg i.e...

Types of Semiconductors

Characteristics of NPN Transistor.

TRANSISTORstructurally; (BJT) it is a semiconductor with three layers of alternate dopingfunctionally; it is an electric component that can be used as an electric switch and signal amplifierNPN tra...

Energy band theory of solids

1. WHAT IS A ENERGY BAND?=> like energy levels, energy bands are also permitted "region" where a electron can exist in a atom or a molecule.  as the name suggests, energy band are much broader p...

PN Junction Diode: Introduction

P-N junction diode

1.  WHAT IS P-N JUNCTION DIODE?=>  it is a semiconducor that carries current only in one direction.2. HOW IS A P-N JUNCTION FORMED?    => when you attach a p-type and an n-type semiconductor ...

P-N Junction Diode

Diode: When a p-type crystal is placed in contact with n-type crystal so as to form one piece, the assembly so obtained is called p-n junction or junction diode. The surface of contact of p and n-t...

Biasing of P-N junction

=> P-n junction is a semiconductor that carries current in only one direction=> applying voltage across the terminals of the diode is called biasing=> based on the direction of the field a...

ZENER DIODE

1. WHAT IS ZENER DIODE?=> structurally Zener diode is just a heavily doped P-N junction diode. but is varies form a P-N junction by a lot in working and use. (stating that Zener diode is just he...

Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator

1. VOLTAGE REGULATOR.=> it is any device that outputs a constant input voltage for any input voltage.voltage regulator is generally used to limit the voltage across any load that can be damaged ...

Introduction to Transistor

The name of the transistor is for its transfer resistor action. It has a very important property of amplifying weak signals.It is a semiconductor device made by 2 PN junction diode.Types of Transi...

Solid and Semiconductor Devices

1.1 Structure of SolidsAll the things we see around us are mainly exists in three states i.e. solid, liquid and gas. The atoms, ions and molecules of these matters are held together with some force...

Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is the branch of physics that deals with the study of few hundred atoms.Mission of Nanotechnology: To increase the ratio of  surface area to volume.This helps to increase the storage...