21 Chemistry -- Hydrocarbons

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ALKANES : PROPERTIES

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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKANES

1) STATE: C1 - C4 = GAS

C5 - C17 = COLOURLESS VOLATILE LIQUIDS

C18 - ABOVE = WAXY SOLIDS

2) ODOUR : ODOURLESS

3) COLOR : COLORLESS

4) SOLUBILITY : SOLUBLE IN NON-POLAR SOLVENTS

INSOLUBLE IN POLAR SOLVENTS

5) BOILING POINT: INCREASE ON INCREASE IN MOLECULAR MASS.

DECREASES ON BRANCHING

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ALKANES

1) HALOGENATION OF ALKANES

(A) CHLORINATION

(B) BROMINATION

BROMINATION IS SAME AS CHLORINATION BUT IT DOESN'T TAKE PLACE AS EASY AS CHLORINATION

(C) IODINATION

2) COMBUSTION

ALKANES BURN IN EXCESS SUPPLY OF AIR TO PRODUCE CARBONDIOXIDE(CO2) AND WATER(H2O)

3) CONTROLLED OXIDATION

4) ISOMERIZATION

5) AROMATIZATION

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