Family leguminosae (fabaceae) sub family papilionoideae (legume family)
The Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, are a large and economically important family of flowering plants.
DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan in distribution, except in artic region. This subfamily consists of 425 genera and 12150 species.
HABITAT: Terrestrial, wild or cultivated for pulses and oil.
HABIT: Annual or perennial herbs, climbers (Lathyrus), shrubs(Sesbania) ,or trees(Dalbergia)
ROOT: Tap root with nodulated, root nodules consisting of symbiotically associated nitrogen fixing bacteria Rhizobium
STEM: Aerial, erect, climbers supported by tendrils (Pisum), branched, cylindrical or quadrangular (Vicia faba) , herbaceous or woody (Dalbergia) , solid ,fistular (Vicia faba)
, glabrous or pubescent.
LEAF: Cauline and ramal , alternate or opposite or whorl , stipulate (foliaceous stipule ), petiolate , pulvinous petiole (Glycine max) , simple ,pinnately or palmately compound lead, entire acute or mucronate, glabrous, green or glaucous, unicostate, reticulate venation.
INFLORESCENCE: Racemose, receme or panicle or spike or solitary
FLOWER: bracteate or ebracteate, ebractiolate, pedicellate, complete, zygomorphic, hermaphrodite, pentamerous, papilionaceous, hypogynous or perigynous, white or pink in colourCALYX: sepals – 5, gamosepalous, toothed or bilabiate, sepaloid, campanulate, valvet or imbricate aestivation.
COROLLA: Petals – 5, polypetalous, petaloid, papilionaceous, one petal large, two medium and two small, fused called keels, vexillary aestivation.
ANDROECIUM: Stamens – 10, diadelphous or monoadelphous, rarely polyandrous. Anther: bilobed or dithecous, basifixed or dorsifixed, intorse.
GYNOECIUM: Carpel – 1, monocarpellary. Ovary: superior, unilocular, marginal placentation. Style – curved. Stigma – capitate or hairy.
FRUIT: Legume or pod SEEDS: Dicotledonous and non endospermic.
Floral formula :________Floral diagram : ________
Systemic Position : Class : Dicotledonae Sub Class : Polypetalae Series : Calciflorae Order : Rosales Family : Leguminosae Sub Family : Papilionaceae Diagnostic characters Leaves : stipulate, alternate or opposite, simple or compound. Inflorescence: racemose, Flower : pentamerous, zygomorphic, hermaphrodite, papilionaceous, hypogynous or perigynous. Sepals : 5, gamosepalous, Petals :5, polypetalous, papilionaceous, Stamens :10, diadelphous, Carpel : 1, monocarpellary, Fruit: legume or pod
Example of family leguminoseae : Brittanica