Chemical Bonding and Shape of Molecules

Resonance in Chemical Bonding

↪ There are molecules and ions for which drawing a single Lewis structure is not possible. For example, we can write two structures of O3.↪ In (A) the oxygen-oxygen bond on the left is a double bon...

Types of Chemical Bonds

Ionic Bonding↪ Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding which involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or molecule to another. ↪ Here, an atom loses an electron which is in turn gained by ...

Distorted Geometry

↪ The presence of one or more lone pairs of electrons in the valence shell of the central atom gives distorted geometry to the molecules or ion. Some examples of such molecules are: Shape of NH3 Mo...

Hydrogen Bonding

↪ The attractive force between a hydrogen atom and strong electronegative atom (Such as N, F and O) of same or different molecules is called hydrogen bond. ↪ It is denoted by dotted lines. Types o...

Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory:

↪ Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory is a simple theory to predict and explain the shape and bond angles in a number of simple covalent molecules and ions. ↪ This theory was propo...

Polar Covalent Bonds

↪ This type of covalent bond exists where the unequal sharing of electrons occurs due to the difference in the electronegativity of combining atoms. ↪ More electronegative atom will have a stronger...

Concept of Sigma and Pi bond

Sigma Bond (σ) ↪ When the overlap of orbital’s of two atoms takes place along the line joining the two nuclei (orbital axis) then the covalent bond formed is called sigma (σ) bond. ↪ These bonds ca...